Bihar Map

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Map showing major roads, railways, rivers, national highways, etc.
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About Bihar

Located in the eastern part of India, Bihar is the 13th largest state of the country. The state covers an area of 94,163 square km. On 15 November 2000, the southern part of Bihar was split to form the state of Jharkhand. Bihar is divided into 37 districts and has Patna as its capital.

History of Bihar

The state has a rich history and culture which dates back to ancient times. It was once a great center of learning and many a powerful empires originated from here. It was also the centre of Buddhism as the religion originated from here. During the Mahajanpadha era, Magadha was one of the 16 kingdoms that existed in ancient India. But, it soon came to encompass the other kingdoms and by the time of Mauryas, especially Ashoka who was the greatest Emperor of India, its extent has spread to include parts of Iran and Afghanistan.

Located in Gaya, Bodh Gaya is associated with the revered sage Buddha as it was here that he gained enlightenment under the Bodhi Tree.Some prominent universities of ancient Bihar were Nalanda Odantapurā and Vikramashila. During the medieval ages, Bihar went into decline. Following the battle of Buxar, Bihar passed under the British rule and became a part of Bengal Presidency. In 1912, Bihar, along with Orissa became a separate province. Following India's independence in 1947, it became a part of independent India.

Economy of Bihar

Today, Bihar has one of the fastest growing economies in terms of gross state domestic product. Mainly an agricultural economy, the state is the largest producer of vegetables in the country. It also holds the distinction of being the country's second largest producer of fruits. The state has also made progress in the industrial sector with an oil refinery in Barauni and a power plant in Muzaffarpur. A satellite town located in the Patna Metropolitan Region, Fatuha is a well known for its farm tractor and scooter industries. Other than this, Bihar is also known for its agriculture-based industries such as sugar and vegetable oil and its famous mines at Dhanbad.

Places of attraction

Bihar is a fascinating tourism destination and is known for its monuments and relics dating from the ancient to the medieval times. Some treasures worth visiting in the state are the Tomb of Sher Shah Suri, Barabar Caves, Vikramshila Monastery, Buddha Smriti Park, ruins of the ancient city of Vaishali, Bodhi Tree and the Mahabodhi Temple. Takht Sri Patna Sahib was built by Maharaja Ranjit Singh in honour of Guru Gobind Singh Ji who was born in Patna.

Language of Bihar

The official languages of the state are – Hindi and Urdu. The other languages that are spoken by people in the state are Bhojpuri, Maithili, Magahi, Bajjika, and Angika (0.7 million). Of these other languages, the government of India recognises only Maithili.

Education in Bihar

Bihar is home to many educational institutes. Some prominent educational institutes in the state are National Institute of Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, Indian Institute of Management, National Institute of Fashion Technology, and AIIMS. Some other prime institutes are Aligarh Muslim University, Aryabhatta Knowledge University, Bihar Agricultural University, B. R. Ambedkar Bihar University, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, and Patna University, to name a few.

Bihar State Information

Capital Patna
Date of formation 26. Jan. 1950
Governor Ram Nath Kovind
Chief Minister Nitish Kumar
Tourist attractions Rajgir, Nalanda, Vaishali, Pawapuri, Bodh Gaya, Vikramshila, Gaya, the ancient city of Patliputra
Festivals Chatth Puja, Sama-Chakeva, Nag Panchami
Major dance and music forms Jat-Jatin dance of the Mithila region, Bidesia, the songs of Vidyapati, Chau Tribal dances
Arts and crafts Madhubani painting; Madhubani's marsh `sikki. grass is used to make baskets, toys, dolls etc; Sujini kantha embroidery is a specialisation of Bihar.
Languages Hindi, Urdu, Santhali
Size 94,163 sq. km
Population (Census 2011) 104,099,452
Rivers Kosi, Ganga, Saryu, Gandak, Kamla, Panar, Saura, Pun-pun
Forests and wildlife sanctuaries Valmiki NP, Rajgir WS, Bhimbandh WS, Gautam Buddha WS, Udayapur WS
State animal Gaur
State bird Indian rollAt.,
State flower Kachnar
State tree Peepal
Major crops Paddy, wheat, maize
Factoids A peepal or Bodhi tree in Bodh Gaya marks the spot where the Buddha achieved Enlightenment.
Nalanda University, a seat of Buddhist learning, was founded around the 5th century AD.
No. of District 38

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